Abstract The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic
Shock 2020 (J-SSCG 2020), a Japanese-specific set of clinical practice guidelines for sepsis …

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We developed a metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) test using cell-free DNA
from body fluids to identify pathogens. The performance of mNGS testing of 182 body fluids …

Purpose As a result of multilateral migration and globalization in times of humanitarian
crises, western countries face a possible increase in the incidence of central nervous system …

Neutrophils are crucial mediators of host defense that are recruited to the central nervous
system (CNS) in large numbers during acute bacterial meningitis caused by Streptococcus …

Streptococcus pneumoniae (SPN) is a globally significant cause of meningitis, the
pathophysiology of which involves damage to the brain by both bacterial virulence factors …

Technological advances have changed the indications for and the way in which lumbar
puncture is done. Suspected CNS infection remains the most common indication for lumbar …

Meningococcal disease is the acute infection caused by Neisseria meningitidis, which has
humans as the only natural host. The disease is widespread around the globe and is known …

Meningitis is defined as the inflammation of the meninges that is most often caused by
various bacterial and viral pathogens, and is associated with high rates of mortality and …

Abstract Treatment of acute bacterial meningitis is difficult due to the impermeability of the
blood-brain barrier, greatly limiting the antibiotic concentrations that can be achieved in the …