Chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular
diseases are characterized by an enhanced state of oxidative stress, which may result from …

Lichens are symbiotic associations between fungi and a photosynthetic alga and/or
cyanobacteria. Lichenized fungi have been found to produce a wide array of secondary …

Lichens are complex symbiotic associations between fungi and algae which are important
constituents of many ecosystems. The production of various unique extracellular secondary …

This revised and extended edition provides in-depth insights into the benefits and untapped
potential of lichen-derived bioactive compounds. The whole spectrum of these compounds' …

Ethnopharmacological relevance Lichens, a unique symbiotic association between an
alga/cyanobacterium and a fungus, produce secondary metabolites that are a promising …

Lichens are used in traditional medicine by cultures across the world, particularly in
temperate and arctic regions. Knowledge of these medicinal uses is available to us because …

γ-Butyrolactone, a five-membered lactone moiety, is one of the privileged structures of
diverse natural products and biologically active small molecules. Because of their broad …

Since its first isolation in 1844, usnic acid [2, 6-diacetyl-7, 9-dihydroxy-8, 9b-dimethyl-1, 3
(2H, 9bH)-dibenzo-furandione] has become the most extensively studied lichen metabolite …

Context: Pharmacological interest of lichens lies in their capacity to produce bioactive
secondary metabolites, being most of them phenolic compounds with reactive hydroxyl …

This review is focused on the comparison of the biological and pharmacological activities of
usnic acid enantiomers. Most of the available data refer to (+)-usnic acid, while the left …