Protein phosphorylation modification is crucial for signaling transduction in plant
development and environmental adaptation. By precisely phosphorylating crucial …

The plant hormone ABA (abscisic acid) plays an extremely important role in plant growth
and adaptive stress, including but are not limited to seed germination, stomatal closure …

Abstract Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a major reactive oxygen species in unicellular and
multicellular organisms, and is produced extracellularly in response to external stresses and …

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a group of polyhydroxylated plant steroid hormones that are
crucial for many aspects of a plant's life. BRs were originally characterized for their function …

The plant-signaling molecule auxin triggers fast and slow cellular responses across land
plants and algae. The nuclear auxin pathway mediates gene expression and controls …

Receptor kinases (RKs) are of paramount importance in transmembrane signaling that
governs plant reproduction, growth, development, and adaptation to diverse environmental …

Adjusting the microenvironment around the cell surface is critical to responding to external
cues or endogenous signals and to maintaining cell activities. In plant cells, the plasma …

Salicylic acid (SA) is an essential hormone in plant immunity, but its receptor has remained
elusive for decades. The transcriptional coregulator NPR1 is central to the activation of SA …

Plants live under different biotic and abiotic stress conditions, and, to cope with the adversity
and severity, plants have well-developed resistance mechanisms. The mechanism starts …

Since Hedin's characterization of trypsin and antitrypsin in 1906,(1) arguably the first
account of a regulatory protein–protein interaction (PPI), contemporary understanding of …