In a striking display of trans-kingdom symbiosis, gut bacteria cooperate with their animal
hosts to regulate the development and function of the immune, metabolic and nervous …

Gut bacteria play an important role in the digestion of food, immune activation, and
regulation of entero-endocrine signaling pathways, but also communicate with the central …

I. INTRODUCTION 1877 II. STUDYING THE... 1881 III. MICROBIOTA-GUT-BRAIN AXIS...
1907 IV. PATHWAYS OF COMMUNICATION 1911 V. MICROBIOTA AND SYNAPTIC... 1929 …

Tryptophan is an essential amino acid critical for protein synthesis in humans that has
emerged as a key player in the microbiota-gut-brain axis. It is the only precursor for the …

Oscillospira is a class of organism that often appears in high-throughput sequencing data
but has not been purely cultured and is widely present in the animal and human intestines …

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the main metabolites produced by bacterial fermentation of
dietary fibre in the gastrointestinal tract, are speculated to have a key role in microbiota–gut …

The link between the gut microbiome and health has recently garnered considerable interest
in its employment for medicinal purposes. Since the early microbiota exhibits more flexibility …

Preclinical and clinical studies have shown bidirectional interactions within the brain-gut-
microbiome axis. Gut microbes communicate to the central nervous system through at least …

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) serves as the chief executive officer of the brain, controlling the
highest level cognitive and emotional processes. Its local circuits among glutamatergic …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common dementia in the elderly. Treatment for AD is
still a difficult task in clinic. AD is associated with abnormal gut microbiota. However, little is …