How the brain computes accurate estimates of our self-motion relative to the world and our
orientation relative to gravity in order to ensure accurate perception and motor control is a …

Adaptive behavior relies on complex neural processing in multiple interacting networks of
both motor and sensory systems. One such interaction employs intrinsic neuronal signals, so …

Motor circuits develop in sequence from those governing fast movements to those governing
slow. Here we examine whether upstream sensory circuits are organized by similar …

Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) uses the external application of electrical current to
selectively target the vestibular system in humans. Despite its recent popularity for the …

Interest in space habitation has grown dramatically with planning underway for the first
human transit to Mars. Despite a robust history of domestic and international spaceflight …

Rocking has long been known to promote sleep in infants and, more recently, also in adults,
increasing NREM sleep stage N2 and enhancing EEG slow waves and spindles …

Animals use information about gravity and other destabilizing forces to balance and
navigate through their environment. Measuring how brains respond to these forces requires …

Each vestibular sensory epithelium in the inner ear is divided morphologically and
physiologically into two zones, called the striola and extrastriola in otolith organ maculae …

Despite increasing evidence of its involvement in several key functions of the cerebral
cortex, the vestibular sense rarely enters our consciousness. Indeed, the extent to which …

Sensory pathways provide complex and multifaceted information to the brain. Recent
advances have created new opportunities for applying our understanding of the brain to …