Insect gut microbiomes play a crucial role in the insect development and are shaped, among
other factors, by the specialized insect diet habits as well as the morphological structure of …

Bathymodioline mussels rely on thiotrophic and/or methanotrophic chemosynthetic
symbionts for nutrition, yet, secondary heterotrophic symbionts are often present and play an …

Disentangling modes and fidelity of symbiont transmission are key for understanding host–
symbiont associations in wild populations. In group-living animals, social transmission may …

Lucinid clams are one of the most diverse and widespread symbiont-bearing animal groups
in both shallow and deep-sea chemosynthetic habitats. Lucinids harbor Ca. Thiodiazotropha …

The association between anaerobic ciliates and methanogenic archaea has been
recognized for over a century. Nevertheless, knowledge of these associations is limited to a …

Marine invertebrates with limited dispersal abilities exhibit high levels of genetic divergence
among populations. However, the spatial extent of genetic differentiation in these species …

Many animals are obligately associated with microbial symbionts that provide essential
services such as nutrition or protection against predators. It is assumed that in such obligate …

Symbioses are ubiquitous on earth and can be found across all kingdoms of life. The term
symbiosis describes two organisms of different kind living together in a long-term and …