Noncovalent interactions, which usually feature tunable strength, reversibility, and
environmental adaptability, have been recognized as driving forces in a variety of biological …

Microenvironment-responsive drug delivery systems (DDSs) can achieve targeted drug
delivery, reduce drug side effects and improve drug efficacies. Among them, pH-responsive …

Reversible addition–fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization and atom transfer
radical polymerization (ATRP) are the two most common controlled radical polymerization …

Photodynamic therapy is an alternative treatment mainly for cancer but also for bacterial
infections. This treatment dates back to 1900 when a German medical school graduate …

Poly (ethylene glycol)(PEG) is widely used as a gold standard in bioconjugation and
nanomedicine to prolong blood circulation time and improve drug efficacy. The conjugation …

Microneedle (MN) patches consisting of miniature needles have emerged as a promising
tool to perforate the stratum corneum and translocate biomolecules into the dermis in a …

Efficacy of monoclonal antibodies against calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) or its
receptor (calcitonin receptor-like receptor/receptor activity modifying protein-1, CLR/RAMP1) …

Drug delivery systems (DDS) triggered by local microenvironment represents the state-of-art
of nanomedicine design, where the triggering hallmarks at intracellular and subcellular …

Materials that respond to endogenous stimuli are being leveraged to enhance
spatiotemporal control in a range of biomedical applications from drug delivery to diagnostic …

G protein-coupled receptors are important drug targets that engage and activate signaling
transducers in multiple cellular compartments. Delineating therapeutic signaling from …