The ALICE experiment was proposed in 1993, to study strongly-interacting matter at extreme
energy densities and temperatures. This proposal entailed a comprehensive investigation of …

This review aims at providing an extensive discussion of modern constraints relevant for
dense and hot strongly interacting matter. It includes theoretical first-principle results from …

We report a systematic measurement of cumulants, C n, for net-proton, proton, and
antiproton multiplicity distributions, and correlation functions, κ n, for proton and antiproton …

Fluctuations of conserved quantities, such as baryon, electric charge, and strangeness
number, are sensitive observables in relativistic heavy-ion collisions to probe the QCD …

Finite-density lattice QCD aims for the first-principle study of QCD at finite density, which
describes the system consisting of many quarks. The main targets are systems such as …

We report cumulants of the proton multiplicity distribution from dedicated fixed-target Au+ Au
collisions at s NN= 3.0 GeV, measured by the STAR experiment in the kinematic acceptance …

We present new results on up to sixth-order cumulants of net baryon-number fluctuations at
small values of the baryon chemical potential, μ B, obtained in lattice QCD calculations with …

We review results from lattice QCD calculations on the thermodynamics of strong-interaction
matter with emphasis on input these calculations can provide to the exploration of the phase …

We present measurements of bulk properties of the matter produced in Au+ Au collisions at s
NN= 7.7, 11.5, 19.6, 27, and 39 GeV using identified hadrons (π±, K±, p, and p¯) from the …

We report the first measurements of the moments—mean (M), variance (σ 2), skewness (S),
and kurtosis (κ)—of the net-charge multiplicity distributions at midrapidity in Au+ Au …