The failure of animal models to predict therapeutic responses in humans is a major problem
that also brings into question their use for basic research. Organ-on-a-chip (organ chip) …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) greatly restricts the entry of biological and engineered
therapeutic molecules into the brain. Due to challenges in translating results from animal …

Neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, stroke, and brain cancers are difficult to
treat with current drugs as their delivery efficacy to the brain is severely hampered by the …

The therapeutic efficacy of stem cells transplanted into an ischaemic brain depends primarily
on the responses of the neurovascular unit. Here, we report the development and …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) prevents efficient drug delivery to the central nervous system.
As a result, brain diseases remain one of the greatest unmet medical needs. Understanding …

Vascularization of 3D models represents a major challenge of tissue engineering and a key
prerequisite for their clinical and industrial application. The use of prevascularized models …

Decades of efforts in engineering in vitro cancer models have advanced drug discovery and
the insight into cancer biology. However, the establishment of preclinical models that enable …

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is abnormal cell proliferation of glial cells. GBM is the grade
IV glioma brain cancer which is life-threatening to many individuals affected by this cancer …

Highlights•Various approaches exist to recreate 2D and 3D structures of the
BBB.•Quantitative barrier functions in some BBB-chips are comparable to in vivo …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) represents a key challenge in develo** brain-penetrating
therapeutic molecules. BBB dysfunction is also associated with the onset and progression of …