Affected by soil erosion and material deterioration, road subsurface is prone to distress such
as cavities, water-rich, and cracks. Ground penetrating radar (GPR), as a real-time …

The reconstruction of the 3D permittivity map from ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data is of
great importance for map** subsurface environments and inspecting underground …

Manipulating the electromagnetic (EM) scattering behavior from an arbitrary surface
dynamically on arbitrary design goals is an ultimate ambition for many EM stealth and …

Three-dimensional (3D) ground-penetrating radar is an effective method for detecting
internal crack damage in pavement structures. Inefficient manual interpretation of radar …

Early detection of subsurface distress is significant for condition assessment and
maintenance optimization, contributing to reduced maintenance costs and extended service …

Tree defect detection is crucial for the structural health screening of trees. The existing
nondestructive testing (NDT) techniques for tree defect detection require time-consuming …

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) with different center frequencies can detect defects at
different depths with a range of resolutions enabling it to be used for subsurface defect …

The existence of strong background clutter often masks the desired target response, and
thereby significantly affects the ground-penetrating radar (GPR) target detection. This effect …

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is an efficient nondestructive testing tool used for detecting
and locating buried pipelines. It helps to avoid interference with existing pipelines and …

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) forward modeling holds significant importance in the
realms of geological exploration, subsurface target detection, and scientific research. With …