Plant resource allocation patterns often reveal tradeoffs that favor growth (G) over defense
(D), or vice versa. Ecologists most often explain G–D tradeoffs through principles of …

Experience and memory of environmental stimuli that indicate future stress can prepare
(prime) organismic stress responses even in species lacking a nervous system. The process …

Socioeconomic differences in behaviour are pervasive and well documented, but their
causes are not yet well understood. Here, we make the case that a cluster of behaviours is …

Animals display substantial inter-species variation in the rate of embryonic development
despite a broad conservation of the overall sequence of developmental events. Differences …

Molluscs comprise the second largest phylum of animals (after arthropods), occurring in
virtually all habitats. Some are commercially important, a few are pests and some carry …

The effects of sex hormones on immune function have received much attention, especially
following the proposal of the immunocompetence handicap hypothesis. Many studies, both …

A growing body of literature seeks to explain variation in range shifts using species'
ecological and life‐history traits, with expectations that shifts should be greater in species …

Nearly half of the sequenced bacteria are lysogens and many of their prophages encode
adaptive traits. Yet, the variables driving prophage distribution remain undetermined. We …

Classifying the biological traits of organisms can test conceptual frameworks of life‐history
strategies and allow for predictions of how different species may respond to environmental …

Purpose The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of heuristic biases on
investment decisions through multiple mediation mechanisms of risk tolerance and financial …