Biodiversity is under threat worldwide. Over the past decade, the field of population
genomics has developed across nonmodel organisms, and the results of this research have …

Historical DNA (hDNA), obtained from museum and herbarium specimens, has yielded
spectacular new insights into the history of organisms. This includes documenting historical …

I consider how the study of genetic variation has influenced efforts to conserve natural
populations over the last 50 years. Studies with allozymes in the 1970s provided the first …

The global loss of biodiversity continues at an alarming rate. Genomic approaches have
been suggested as a promising tool for conservation practice as scaling up to genome-wide …

Genome sequencing projects were long confined to biomedical model organisms and
required the concerted effort of large consortia. Rapid progress in high‐throughput …

Identifying and monitoring locally adaptive genetic variation can have direct utility for
conserving species at risk, especially when management may include actions such as …

The rapid expansion of next‐generation sequencing has yielded a powerful array of tools to
address fundamental biological questions at a scale that was inconceivable just a few years …

Natural history collections provide an immense record of biodiversity on Earth. These
repositories have traditionally been used to address fundamental questions in …

Many species have undergone dramatic population size declines over the past centuries.
Although stochastic genetic processes during and after such declines are thought to elevate …

COLLECTING BIOLOGICAL specimens for scientific studies came under scrutiny when BA
Minteer et al.[“Avoiding (re) extinction,” Perspectives, 18 April, p. 260] suggested that this …