The drug-induced, reversible coma of anaesthesia requires three clinical outcomes:
unconsciousness, immobility, and the control of autonomic nervous system (ANS) responses …

From April 2020 through April 2021, 75,673 Americans died from opioid overdoses, nearly
one-quarter of which directly involved prescription opioids. 1 This represents the first time …

Background New persistent opioid use occurs in 3% to 14% of patients after elective
surgery, but is poorly described after cardiothoracic surgery. We examined the association of …

Objective: Evaluate the association of evidence-based opioid prescribing guidelines with
new persistent opioid use after surgery. Summary Background Data: Patients exposed to …

Pain management in the United States reflects attitudes to those in pain. Increased numbers
of disabled veterans in the 1940s to 1960s led to an increased focus on pain and its …

By numerous measures, opioid-related harm in the United States has been increasing over
the past 2 decades. Rates of opioid misuse and overdose have reached new highs in recent …

Background Chronic postsurgical pain and opioid use is a problem among patients
undergoing many types of surgical procedures. A multidisciplinary approach to perioperative …

Opioids are commonly prescribed postoperatively for pain control, especially in spine
surgery. Not only does this pose concerns for potential abuse, but it also has been shown to …

Background Excessive opioid prescribing is common in surgical oncology, with 72% of
prescribed opioids going unused after curative-intent surgery. In this study, we sought to …

Patients over the age 65 are a quickly expanding segment of the US population and
represent a large percentage of patients requiring inpatient care. Older adults are more …