Antiretroviral drugs that inhibit viral replication were expected to reduce transmission of HIV
by lowering the concentration of HIV in the genital tract. In 11 of 13 observational studies …

Background An interim analysis of data from the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 052
trial showed that antiretroviral therapy (ART) prevented more than 96% of genetically linked …

Abstract Design Universal voluntary HIV counselling and testing followed by prompt
initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all those diagnosed HIV‐infected (universal test …

Background Many mathematical models have investigated the impact of expanding access
to antiretroviral therapy (ART) on new HIV infections. Comparing results and conclusions …

Background New WHO guidelines recommend initiation of antiretroviral therapy for HIV-
positive adults with CD4 counts of 500 cells per μL or less, a higher threshold than was …

HIV Prevention Trials Network studies are testing a number of new technologies for
preventing HIV infections and reducing AIDS morbidity and mortality, but strengthening …

Background It is common to use the mid-point between the latest-negative and earliest-
positive test dates as the date of the infection event. However, the accuracy of the mid-point …

Background The HPTN 052 trial confirmed that antiretroviral therapy (ART) can nearly
eliminate HIV transmission from successfully treated HIV-infected individuals within couples …

Universal HIV testing and immediate antiretroviral therapy for infected individuals has been
proposed as a way of reducing the transmission of HIV and thereby bringing the HIV …

Efficient and effective HIV prevention measures for generalized epidemics in sub-Saharan
Africa have not yet been validated at the population level. Design and impact evaluation of …