Purpose. The pain VAS is a unidimensional measure of pain intensity (1), which has been
widely used in diverse adult populations, including those with rheumatic diseases (2–5) …

Executive summary We are facing a huge increase in the older population over the next 30
years. This brings an anticipated increase in the prevalence of chronic pain and with this …

Pain catastrophizing is conceptualized as a negative cognitive–affective response to
anticipated or actual pain and has been associated with a number of important pain-related …

Reliable and valid measures of pain are essential for conducting research on chronic pain.
The purpose of this longitudinal study was to compare the reliability and validity of several …

Because feelings of pain and suffering are private, internal events that cannot be directly
observed by clinicians or indexed via bioassays, their assessment is frequently built upon …

The visual analog scale (VAS) has been used to assess the efficacy of pain management
regimens in patients with acute postoperative pain, but its usefulness has not been …

This definitive clinical reference comprehensively reviews the most advanced methods for
assessing the person in pain. The field's leading authorities present essential information …

Background Chronic reflex sympathetic dystrophy (also called the complex regional pain
syndrome) is a painful, disabling disorder for which there is no proven treatment. In …

Objectives In this article, the assessment of global pain severity in clinical and health
services research is considered. Specifically, the focus is on assessing pain during a …

The optimal assessment of cancer pain includes a detailed description of pain
characteristics and classification by both syndrome and likely mechanisms. In the clinical …