Developmental mechanisms underlying the evolution of human cortical circuits

P Vanderhaeghen, F Polleux - Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2023 - nature.com
The brain of modern humans has evolved remarkable computational abilities that enable
higher cognitive functions. These capacities are tightly linked to an increase in the size and …

[HTML][HTML] Synaptic plasticity in human cortical circuits: cellular mechanisms of learning and memory in the human brain?

HD Mansvelder, MB Verhoog… - Current opinion in …, 2019 - Elsevier
Highlights•Adult human synapses show long-term potentiation and depression.•Activity-
dependent rules for associative plasticity have broad temporal windows.•Synaptic plasticity …

Connectomic comparison of mouse and human cortex

S Loomba, J Straehle, V Gangadharan, N Heike… - Science, 2022 - science.org
The human cerebral cortex houses 1000 times more neurons than that of the cerebral cortex
of a mouse, but the possible differences in synaptic circuits between these species are still …

Conserved cell types with divergent features in human versus mouse cortex

RD Hodge, TE Bakken, JA Miller, KA Smith, ER Barkan… - Nature, 2019 - nature.com
Elucidating the cellular architecture of the human cerebral cortex is central to understanding
our cognitive abilities and susceptibility to disease. Here we used single-nucleus RNA …

Transcriptomic and morphophysiological evidence for a specialized human cortical GABAergic cell type

E Boldog, TE Bakken, RD Hodge, M Novotny… - Nature …, 2018 - nature.com
We describe convergent evidence from transcriptomics, morphology, and physiology for a
specialized GABAergic neuron subtype in human cortex. Using unbiased single-nucleus …

Strong and reliable synaptic communication between pyramidal neurons in adult human cerebral cortex

S Hunt, Y Leibner, EJ Mertens, N Barros-Zulaica… - Cerebral …, 2023 - academic.oup.com
Synaptic transmission constitutes the primary mode of communication between neurons. It is
extensively studied in rodent but not human neocortex. We characterized synaptic …

Advancing preclinical models of psychiatric disorders with human brain organoid cultures

TA Dixon, AR Muotri - Molecular Psychiatry, 2023 - nature.com
Psychiatric disorders are often distinguished from neurological disorders in that the former
do not have characteristic lesions or findings from cerebrospinal fluid …

Net synaptic drive of fast-spiking interneurons is inverted towards inhibition in human FCD I epilepsy

E Cho, J Kwon, G Lee, J Shin, H Lee, SH Lee… - Nature …, 2024 - nature.com
Focal cortical dysplasia type I (FCD I) is the most common cause of pharmaco-resistant
epilepsy with the poorest prognosis. To understand the epileptogenic mechanisms of FCD I …

CTNND2 moderates the pace of synaptic maturation and links human evolution to synaptic neoteny

N Assendorp, M Fossati, B Libé-Philippot… - Cell Reports, 2024 - cell.com
Human-specific genes are potential drivers of brain evolution. Among them, SRGAP2C has
contributed to the emergence of features characterizing human cortical synapses, including …

HCN channels at the cell soma ensure the rapid electrical reactivity of fast-spiking interneurons in human neocortex

V Szegedi, E Bakos, S Furdan, BH Kovács… - PLoS …, 2023 - journals.plos.org
Accumulating evidence indicates that there are substantial species differences in the
properties of mammalian neurons, yet theories on circuit activity and information processing …