Signal integration is central to a causal understanding of appropriately scaled inflammatory
responses. Here, we discuss recent progress in our understanding of the stimulus–response …

Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) generate protective cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)
responses against extracellular pathogens and tumors. This is achieved through a process …

Macrophages induce the expression of hundreds of genes in response to immune threats.
However, current technology limits our ability to capture single-cell inducible gene …

Macrophages sense pathogens and orchestrate specific immune responses. Stimulus
specificity is thought to be achieved through combinatorial and dynamical coding by …

Tissue and inflammatory contexts are well appreciated to shape macrophage function to
promote health or disease. However, there has been minimal progress towards …

Nearly identical cells can exhibit substantially different responses to the same stimulus that
causes phenotype diversity. Such interplay between phenotype diversity and the …

The balance between pro-and anti-inflammatory immune system responses is crucial to
preventing complex diseases like cancer. Macrophages are essential immune cells that …

The functional state of cells is dependent on their microenvironmental context. Prior studies
described how polarizing cytokines alter macrophage transcriptomes and epigenomes …

A binary classification of macrophage activation as inflammatory or resolving does not
capture the diversity of macrophage states observed in tissues. However, framing …

Innate immune memory (also termed trained immunity) is defined in part by its ability to cross-
protect against heterologous pathogens, and can be generated by many different stimuli …