Due to the fast advancement of communication and information technology, intelligent
buildings have garnered great interest. These buildings can forecast weather, ambient …

A greenhouse is an energy-intensive sector with substantial greenhouse gas emissions and
extensive energy consumption. Energy-saving greenhouse strategies become particularly …

The greenhouse microclimate, especially temperature, is highly complex, and controlling it
requires significant resources due to the greenhouses' inefficient design. The application of …

Abstract With the “Carbon peaking, Carbon neutrality” goal, the implementation of energy
saving and emission reduction strategies has become a long-term strategic plan for all …

This literature review extends and contributes to research on the development of data-driven
optimal control. Previous reviews have documented the development of model-based and …

This study addresses the challenges of high energy consumption and environmental
concerns in traditional greenhouse operations by exploring an integrated greenhouse with …

The scarcity of drinkable water supplies is becoming a serious and troubling challenge to
long-term development. This issue emphasises the urgency of implementing rapid water …

Closed or protected agriculture in arid climates requires a significant amount of energy to
maintain optimum conditions due to the harsh external environment and unavailability of …

Qatar identified that food supply security, including self-sufficiency in vegetable production
and increasing sustainable renewable energy generation, is important for increasing …

The greenhouse climate is a complex dynamic system that requires careful optimization to
achieve maximum plant growth with minimum energy consumption. The energy used by …