In the context of hardware trust and assurance, reverse engineering has been often
considered as an illegal action. Generally speaking, reverse engineering aims to retrieve …

In the context of hardware trust and assurance, reverse engineering has been often
considered as an illegal action. Generally speaking, reverse engineering aims to retrieve …

Hardware assurance is a key process in ensuring the integrity, security and functionality of a
hardware device. Its heavy reliance on images, especially on Scanning Electron Microscopy …

Comprehensive hardware assurance approaches guaranteeing trust on Integrated Circuits
(ICs) typically require the verification of the IC design layout and functionality through …

Noises are commonly present in grayscale images, particularly in Scanning Electron
Microscope (SEM) images especially secondary emission noise, which can significantly …

As an imaging system, scanning electron microscope (SEM) performs an important role in
autonomous micro‐nanomanipulation applications. When it comes to the sub micrometer …

With the latest advances in nanotechnology, it became possible to design novel nanoscale
devices and systems with increasing e ciency. The consequence of this fact is an increase in …

Noise on scanning electron microscope (SEM) images is studied. Gaussian noise is the
most common type of noise in SEM image. We developed a new noise reduction filter based …

A number of techniques have been proposed during the last three decades for noise
variance and signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) estimation in digital images. While some methods …

Hardware Trust and Assurance through Reverse Engineering: XXX: 3 unique patterns seen
in images of surface vertical interconnect access (via) as fingerprints of design to overcome …