Assessing species' vulnerability to climate change is a prerequisite for develo** effective
strategies to conserve them. The last three decades have seen exponential growth in the …

The ocean is a key component of the Earth system (Chapter 1) as it provides essential life
supporting services (Inniss et al. 2017). For example, it stores heat trapped in the …

Protecting biodiversity against the impacts of climate change requires effective conservation
strategies that safeguard species at risk of extinction. Microrefugia allowed populations to …

This chapter takes sustainable development as the starting point and focus for analysis. It
considers the broad and multifaceted bi-directional interplay between sustainable …

Abstract Ground-level ozone (O3) can be a menace for vegetation, especially in Asia where
O3 levels have been dramatically increased over the past decades. To ensure food security …

The Sundarbans, in southern coastal Bangladesh, is the world's largest surviving mangrove
habitat and the last stronghold of tiger adapted to living in a mangrove ecosystem. Using …

Global climate change is continuing to occur at an alarming rate. In addition to increases in
global weather extremes, melting of polar ice caps, and subsequent sea level rises, climate …

Marine species and ecosystems are widely affected by anthropogenic stressors, ranging
from pollution and fishing to climate change. Comprehensive assessments of how species …

Conservation agencies worldwide are adapting their management plans to climate change.
Dozens of climate change adaptation strategies have been proposed in the literature, and …

Climate change is a major threat to global biodiversity that will produce a range of new
selection pressures. Understanding species responses to climate change requires an …