Neotropical freshwater fishes (NFFs) constitute the most diverse continental vertebrate fauna
on Earth, with more than 6,200 named species compressed into an aquatic footprint< 0.5 …

We review geological evidence on the origin of the modern transcontinental Amazon River,
and the paleogeographic history of riverine connections among the principal sedimentary …

Animals and plants worldwide are structured in global biogeographic regions, which were
shaped by major geologic forces during Earth history. Recently, humans have changed the …

Geographically isolated wetlands (GIWs), those surrounded by uplands, exchange
materials, energy, and organisms with other elements in hydrological and habitat networks …

Aim To quantify the effect of Pleistocene climate fluctuations on habitat connectivity across
páramos in the Northern Andes. Location Northern Andes. Methods The unique páramos …

Using the most comprehensive fish occurrence database, we evaluated the importance of
ecological and historical drivers in diversity patterns of subdrainage basins across the …

A growing interest is devoted to global-scale approaches in ecology and evolution that
examine patterns and determinants of species diversity and the threats resulting from global …

Motivation Global freshwater fish biodiversity and the responses of fishes to global changes
have been explored intensively using taxonomic data, whereas functional aspects remain …

Genetic diversity is estimated to be declining faster than species diversity under escalating
threats, but its spatial distribution remains poorly documented at the global scale. Theory …

The distribution of species in the present is just a snapshot in time after millions of years of
change. Pleistocene climatic cycles, varying from 100ky to sub‐millennial scales, played an …