Cancer cells undergo metabolic alterations to meet the immense demand for energy,
building blocks, and redox potential. Tumors show glucose-avid and lactate-secreting …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are by‐products of normal cell activity. They are produced
in many cellular compartments and play a major role in signaling pathways. Overproduction …

Simple Summary The deregulation of the oxidative metabolism in cancer cells,
characterized by an increased ratio between glycolysis and oxygen consumption (Warburgv …

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is cancer that tested as negative for estrogen
receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), and excess human epidermal growth factor …

Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) are rare tumour cells found in the circulatory system of
certain cancer patients. The clinical and functional significance of CTCs is still under …

Malignant tumors contain heterogeneous populations of cells in various states of
proliferation and differentiation. The presence of cancer stem or initiating cells is a well …

To elucidate the little-known bioenergetic pathways of host immune cells in tuberculosis, a
granulomatous disease caused by the intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis …

Abstract Cancer Stem cells (CSCs) are a unipotent cell population present within the tumour
cell mass. CSCs are known to be highly chemo-resistant, and in recent years, they have …

The tumor microenvironment affects the structure and metabolic function of mitochondria in
tumor cells. This process involves changes in metabolic activity, an increase in the amount …

Cancer cells enhance their glycolysis, producing lactate, even in the presence of oxygen.
Glycolysis is a series of ten metabolic reactions catalysed by enzymes whose expression is …