Plants employ two modes of their innate immune system to resist pathogen infection. The
first mode of immunity is referred to as pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) that is triggered by …

For many years, research on a suite of plant defense responses that begin when plants are
exposed to general microbial elicitors was underappreciated, for a good reason: There has …

Bacterial blight of rice is caused by the γ‐proteobacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae,
which utilizes a group of type III TAL (transcription activator‐like) effectors to induce host …

Cell-surface-localized plant immune receptors, such as FLS2, detect pathogen-associated
molecular patterns (PAMPs) and initiate PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) through poorly …

Despite the fact that roots are the organs most subject to microbial interactions, very little is
known about the response of roots to microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). By …

Plant-associated organisms secrete proteins and other molecules to modulate plant defense
circuitry and enable colonization of plant tissue. Understanding the molecular function of …

Plant pathogenic bacteria of the genus Xanthomonas cause a variety of diseases in
economically important monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous crop plants worldwide …

Filamentous bacteriophage, long and thin filaments that are secreted from the host cells
without killing them, have been an antithesis to the standard view of head-and-tail bacterial …

The genome of the soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae contains nearly 400 genes
encoding candidate effector proteins carrying the host cell entry motif RXLR-dEER. Here, we …

Every plant is closely associated with a variety of living organisms. Therefore, deciphering
how plants interact with mutualistic and parasitic organisms is essential for a comprehensive …