Knowledge of spatiotemporal patterns in species distribution is fundamental to
understanding the ecological and evolutionary processes sha** communities. The …

Symbioses are ubiquitous in nature and influence individual plants and populations. Orchids
have life history stages that depend fully or partially on fungi for carbon and other essential …

Orchids form mycorrhizal symbioses with fungi in natural habitats that affect their seed
germination, protocorm growth, and adult nutrition. An increasing number of studies …

Orchid mycorrhizas (OM) are symbiotic interactions between fungi and terrestrial, epiphytic
or lithophytic species of the Orchidaceae. In the association, fungal hyphae enter …

Orchidaceae is one of the largest flowering plant families of the plant kingdom. The habitats
of orchids are highly diverse, ranging from tree bark and damp forest floors to rock crevices …

Orchid mycorrhizal (OrM) symbionts play a key role in the growth of orchids, but the temporal
variation and habitat partitioning of these fungi in roots and soil remain unclear. Temporal …

The unresolved ecophysiological significance of Dark Septate Endophytes (DSE) may be in
part due to existence of morphologically indistinguishable cryptic species in the most …

Polyploidy is widely recognized as a major mechanism of sympatric speciation in plants, yet
little is known about its effects on interactions with other organisms. Mycorrhizal fungi are …

For germination and establishment, orchids depend on carbon (C) and nutrients supplied by
mycorrhizal fungi. As adults, the majority of orchids then appear to become autotrophic. To …

Partial mycoheterotrophy (PMH) is a nutritional mode in which plants utilize organic matter,
ie carbon, both from photosynthesis and a fungal source. The latter reverses the direction of …