Bone remodeling replaces old and damaged bone with new bone through a sequence of
cellular events occurring on the same surface without any change in bone shape. It was …

Bone remodeling is a lifelong process that gives rise to a mature, dynamic bone structure via
a balance between bone formation by osteoblasts and resorption by osteoclasts. These …

The histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes, a class of epigenetic regulators, are historically
well established as attractive therapeutic targets. During investigation of trends within …

Osteocytes, former osteoblasts encapsulated by mineralized bone matrix, are far from being
passive and metabolically inactive bone cells. Instead, osteocytes are multifunctional and …

In 1892, JL Wolff proposed that bone could respond to mechanical and biophysical stimuli
as a dynamic organ. This theory presents a unique opportunity for investigations on bone …

The skeletal system contains a series of sophisticated cellular lineages arising from the
mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that determine the …

Physical activity has been known as an essential element to promote human health for
centuries. Thus, exercise intervention is encouraged to battle against sedentary lifestyle …

Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) play an important role in different cellular
processes. In view of the importance of PTMs in cellular functions and the massive data …

Zinc (Zn) alloys provide a new generation for orthopedic applications due to their essential
physiological effects and promising degradation properties. However, excessive release of …

The skeletal system, which contains bones, joints, tendons, ligaments and other elements,
plays a wide variety of roles in body sha**, support and movement, protection of internal …