Fibrosis is defined by the overgrowth, hardening, and/or scarring of various tissues and is
attributed to excess deposition of extracellular matrix components including collagen …

Tissue fibrosis (scarring) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Current treatments for
fibrotic disorders, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, hepatic fibrosis and systemic …

IL-13 was first recognized for its effects on B cells and monocytes, where it upregulated class
II expression, promoted IgE class switching and inhibited inflammatory cytokine production …

▪ Abstract When asthma is diagnosed, eosinophilic inflammation and airway remodeling are
established in the bronchial airways and can no longer be separated as cause and effect …

Continuing Medical Education examination IL-13 is an immunoregulatory cytokine secreted
predominantly by activated TH2 cells. Over the past several years, it has become evident …

Bronchial asthma is a complex disorder that is thought to arise as a result of aberrant T‐
lymphocyte responses to noninfectious environmental antigens. In particular, the symptoms …

Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to direct (histamine and methacholine) and indirect
(exercise, cold air, hyperventilation, AMP) challenges is a universal and defining feature of …

IL-13 and IL-4 are central T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines in the immune system and potent
activators of inflammatory responses and fibrosis during Th2 inflammation. Recent studies …

Ovalbumin challenge models of asthma offer many opportunities for increasing our
understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying this disease, as well as for …

Currently most attempts at cancer immunotherapy involve the generation of CD8 cytotoxic T
lymphocytes (CTLs) against tumor-associated antigens. Many tumors, however, have been …