The global shortage of skilled programmers remains a persistent challenge. High dropout
rates in introductory programming courses pose a significant obstacle to graduation …

Learning in the computer laboratory is an important component when students learn
computer programming. In this article, we analyse empirical data on novice students working …

Background Learning analytics (LA) research often aggregates learning process data to
extract measurements indicating constructs of interest. However, the warranty that such …

Background and Context. The importance of CS to 21st-century life and work has made it
important to find ways to integrate learning CS and programming into the regular school day …

The advancement of computing technology has led to many changes in a variety of fields,
and the importance of programming education has been emphasized in many countries …

Reliability quantifies the extent of measurement errors in the observed feature scores and is
an important quality indicator of measurements in educational research. However, the effect …

This study investigates the pre-existing knowledge of first-year students in Computer
Programming courses, analysing the impact of secondary education backgrounds on their …