The reliability and availability of the electric power transmission system is severely
influenced by lightning. In Brazil, roughly 65% of the overhead transmission lines outages …

This work addresses the use of the first-return-stroke impulse impedance ZP for expressing
the response of tower-footing electrodes in studies of the lightning performance of …

This paper analyzes the effect of the integration path of the electric field on the grounding
impedance measurements. It is shown that the integration path is not relevant for low …

This paper presents a study regarding the lightning flashover rates of transmission lines
comparing results from calculation procedures and field experience. The proposed …

One of the main causes of outages in transmission lines is lightning. To mitigate this
occurrence, grounding electrodes are used at the base of the towers that make up the …

In this research, a new analysis is proposed to detect the correct extinction of secondary arc
in the re-closure protection, for long overhead lines in 220 kV. A new methodology for …

This paper presents a method for measuring grounding resistances, which is based on the
use of fast impulse current and short leads on the auxiliary measurement circuits. Usually …

A general practical method, based on the Finite Element Method modelling and a numerical
analysis of the obtained results, was applied for the calculation of the grounding resistance …

Lightning strikes in substations may result in extremely uneven ground potential distribution,
which will threaten the safety and stability of equipment in substation. However, the main …

This paper presents experimental data that indicate the feasibility of using auxiliary voltage
and current circuits installed vertically in the ground to measure grounding impedances in …