Streams and rivers form dense networks, shape the Earth's surface and, in their sediments,
provide an immensely large surface area for microbial growth. Biofilms dominate microbial …

Fifty years of hyporheic zone research have shown the important role played by the
hyporheic zone as an interface between groundwater and surface waters. However, it is only …

Bacterial endophytes live inside plants for at least part of their life cycle. Studies of the
interaction of endophytes with their host plants and their function within their hosts are …

Multicellular assemblages of microorganisms are ubiquitous in nature, and the proximity
afforded by aggregation is thought to permit intercellular metabolic coupling that can …

Mountains are pivotal to maintaining habitat heterogeneity, global biodiversity, ecosystem
functions and services to humans. They have provided classic model natural systems for …

Antibiotic resistance has become a significant and growing threat to public and
environmental health. To face this problem both at local and global scales, a better …

Geochemical cycling and industrial pollution have made toxic metal ions a pervasive
environmental pressure throughout the world. Biofilm formation is a strategy that …

The importance of microbial activity to ecosystem function in aquatic ecosystems is well
established, but microbial diversity has been less frequently addressed. This review and …

Bacteria can form single-and multispecies biofilms exhibiting diverse features based upon
the microbial composition of their community and microenvironment. The study of bacterial …

Oral biofilms develop under a range of different conditions and different environments. This
review will discuss emerging concepts in microbial ecology and how they relate to oral …