Abstract The Semantic Web contains an enormous amount of information in the form of
knowledge bases (KB). To make this information available, many question answering (QA) …

RDF question/answering (Q/A) allows users to ask questions in natural languages over a
knowledge base represented by RDF. To answer a natural language question, the existing …

The representation of a knowledge graph (KG) in a latent space recently has attracted more
and more attention. To this end, some proposed models (eg, TransE) embed entities and …

Question answering over knowledge graphs (KG-QA) is a vital topic in IR. Questions with
temporal intent are a special class of practical importance, but have not received much …

Templates are an important asset for question answering over knowledge graphs,
simplifying the semantic parsing of input utterances and generating structured queries for …

Abstract Semantic Question Answering (SQA) removes two major access requirements to
the Semantic Web: the mastery of a formal query language like SPARQL and knowledge of …

RDF question/answering (Q/A) allows users to ask questions in natural languages over a
knowledge base represented by RDF. To answer a national language question, the existing …

This work focuses on answering single-relation factoid questions over Freebase. Each
question can acquire the answer from a single fact of form (subject, predicate, object) in …

Fact-centric information needs are rarely one-shot; users typically ask follow-up questions to
explore a topic. In such a conversational setting, the user's inputs are often incomplete, with …

Contextualized word representations have become a driving force in NLP, motivating
widespread interest in understanding their capabilities and the mechanisms by which they …