Cadmium (Cd) exposure primarily occurs through inhalation, either by smoking or
occupational exposure to contaminated air. Upon inhalation, Cd ultimately reaches the …

Micronucleus (MN) assays with buccal cells are at present widely used to investigate
occupational exposures to genotoxic carcinogens. This article describes their use for the …

The international agency for cancer research (IARC) has classified welding fumes as
definitive carcinogens. The aim of the present study was to assess health risk due to …

Welding fumes have an important role to create the adverse health effects. So, the aim of this
study was to use of multiple occupational health risk assessment models for metal fumes in …

Background Previous research has investigated the hepatotoxicity of single metal exposure.
However, there is limited evidence about metal mixture and their association with metabolic …

Metal fumes, gases, noise, and radiation are hazardous occupational exposures that may be
encountered by welders. We have evaluated DNA damage among welders; the buccal …

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is an indispensable simulation tool for predicting the
emission of pollutants in the work environment. Welding is one of the most common …

The subway factory industry is develo** rapidly in China, but there are some occupational
health risk assessments of inhalable dust in this industry. Therefore, this study aimed to …

Welding fumes are a main source of occupational exposure to particulate matter (PM),
besides gases and ultraviolet radiations, that involves millions of operators worldwide and is …

Background Welding in automobile manufacturing exposes workers to harmful fumes,
impacting pulmonary function. This study examined changes in pulmonary function among …