BACKGROUND Human actions have long been known to drive declines in nature, and there
is growing awareness of how globalization means that these drivers increasingly act at a …

The 2018 edition of the United Nations World Water Development Report stated that nearly
6 billion peoples will suffer from clean water scarcity by 2050. This is the result of increasing …

Salt marshes provide ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration, coastal protection,
sea-level-rise (SLR) adaptation and recreation. SLR, storm events, drainage and mangrove …

Despite the looming land scarcity for agriculture, cropland abandonment is widespread
globally. Abandoned cropland can be reused to support food security and climate change …

The wetland loss rate in Iran is faster than the global average. Comprehending the
shrinkage rate in Iranian wetlands and identifying the underlying drivers of these changes is …

We report three major and confronting environmental issues that have received little
attention and require urgent action. First, we review the evidence that future environmental …

Freshwater ecosystems provide irreplaceable services for both nature and society. The
quality and quantity of freshwater affect biogeochemical processes and ecological dynamics …

Despite their limited spatial extent, freshwater ecosystems host remarkable biodiversity,
including one-third of all vertebrate species. This biodiversity is declining dramatically …

Much uncertainty exists about the vulnerability of valuable tidal marsh ecosystems to relative
sea level rise. Previous assessments of resilience to sea level rise, to which marshes can …

Carbon and nitrogen losses from degraded wetlands and methane emissions from flooded
wetlands are both important sources of greenhouse gas emissions. However, the net …