Primary cancer cell lines are ex vivo cell cultures originating from resected tissues during
biopsies and surgeries. Primary cell cultures are objects of intense research due to their …

The rise of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) as well as the increase in spread of existing
infections is threatening global economies and human lives, with several countries still …

Two-dimensional (2D) cell culture techniques are commonly employed to investigate
biophysical and biochemical cellular responses. However, these culture methods, having …

Microbial infections remain the principal cause for high morbidity and mortality rates. While
approximately 1400 human pathogens have been recognized, the majority of healthcare …

The advent of the miniaturization approach has influenced the research trends in almost all
disciplines. Bioengineering is one of the fields benefiting from the new possibilities of …

Spheroids have emerged as in vitro models that reproduce in a great extent the architectural
microenvironment found in human tissues. However, the imaging of 3D cell cultures is highly …

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus that is primarily transmitted by Aedes species
mosquitoes. Though reports of an illness consistent with chikungunya date back over 200 …

Infectious outbreaks are the foremost global public health concern, challenging the current
healthcare system, which claims millions of lives annually. The most crucial way to control …

Background During the past two decades, three novel coronaviruses (CoVs) have emerged
to cause international human epidemics with severe morbidity. CoVs have also emerged to …

Cell culture encompasses procedures for extracting cells from their natural tissue and
cultivating them under controlled artificial conditions. During this process, various factors …