Immunization is a cornerstone of public health policy and is demonstrably highly cost-
effective when used to protect child health. Although it could be argued that immunology has …

Streptococcus pneumoniae has a complex relationship with its obligate human host. On the
one hand, the pneumococci are highly adapted commensals, and their main reservoir on the …

Streptococcus pneumoniae is an infectious pathogen responsible for millions of deaths
worldwide. Diseases caused by this bacterium are classified as pneumococcal diseases …

Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is a major cause of worldwide mortality and
morbidity, and to a large extent is vaccine-preventable. Nasopharyngeal carriage of …

Pore-forming toxins (PFTs) are the most common bacterial cytotoxic proteins and are
required for virulence in a large number of important pathogens, including Streptococcus …

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a Gram-positive bacterial pathogen that colonizes the
mucosal surfaces of the host nasopharynx and upper airway. Through a combination of …

To generate vaccine-mediated protection is a complex challenge. Currently available
vaccines have largely been developed empirically, with little or no understanding on how …

Microbial colonization of mucosal surfaces may be an initial event in the progression to
disease, and it is often a transient process. For the extracellular pathogen Streptococcus …

Although anticapsular antibodies confer serotype-specific immunity to pneumococci,
children increase their ability to clear colonization before these antibodies appear …

In December 2019, an outbreak of atypical pneumonia (Coronavirus disease 2019-COVID-
19) associated with a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was reported in Wuhan city, Hubei …