Current treatments for depression are inadequate for many individuals, and progress in
understanding the neurobiology of depression is slow. Several promising hypotheses of …

There is a growing body of evidence demonstrating that stress decreases the expression of
brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in limbic structures that control mood and that …

Recent studies suggest that stress-induced atrophy and loss of hippocampal neurons may
contribute to the pathophysiology of depression. The aim of this study was to investigate the …

How do antidepressants elicit an antidepressant response? Here, we review accumulating
evidence that the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) serves as a …

The influence of chronic electroconvulsive seizure (ECS) or antidepressant drug treatments
on expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor, trkB, was …

Recent studies have begun to characterize the actions of stress and antidepressant
treatments beyond the neurotransmitter and receptor level. This work has demonstrated that …

Increasing evidence demonstrates that neuroplasticity, a fundamental mechanism of
neuronal adaptation, is disrupted in mood disorders and in animal models of stress. Here we …

Using behavioral, pharmacological, and molecular methods, lots of studies reveal that
depression is closely related to the abnormal neural plasticity processes occurring in the …

Previous studies demonstrated that antidepressant treatment increases the expression of
brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in rat hippocampus. The present study was …

Nerve growth factor (NGF) was discovered in the early 1950s due to its trophic (survival-and
growth-promoting) effects on sensory and sympathetic neurons (Levi-Montalcini and …