Phytopathogens cause plant diseases that threaten food security. Unlike mammals, plants
lack an adaptive immune system and rely on their innate immune system to recognize and …

In the last decade, it has become clear that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a ubiquitous
component of living systems. These small membrane-enclosed particles can confer diverse …

The morphogenesis of higher plants requires communication among distant organs
throughout vascular tissues (xylem and phloem). Numerous investigations have …

The incidence of chronic wounds is steadily increasing each year, yet conventional
treatments for chronic wounds yield unsatisfactory results. The delayed healing of chronic …

Evidence shows that RNA trafficking is a key communication mechanism across kingdoms
and species, but how RNAs are secreted and trafficked and how they function within the …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-delimited nanoparticles found in every kingdom
of life and are known to mediate cell–cell communication in animal systems through the …

The exchange of molecular information across kingdoms is crucial for the survival of both
plants and their pathogens. Recent research has identified that plants transfer their small …

Messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are the templates for protein translation but can also act as non-
cell-autonomous signaling molecules. Plants input endogenous and exogenous cues to …

Human genome projects in the 1990s identified about 20,000 protein-coding sequences.
We are now in the RNA revolution, propelled by the realization that genes determine …

In recent years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as novel key players in plant–
microbe interactions. While it is immensely useful to draw on the established “minimal …