In recent years, cancer immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has
achieved considerable success in the clinic. However, ICIs are significantly limited by the …

Immunotherapies are the most rapidly growing drug class and have a major impact in
oncology and on human health. It is increasingly clear that the effectiveness of …

Tumor progression and the efficacy of immunotherapy are strongly influenced by the
composition and abundance of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. Due to the …

Cancer treatment by immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) can bring long-lasting clinical
benefits, but only a fraction of patients respond to treatment. To predict ICB response, we …

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the predominant components of the tumor
microenvironment (TME) and influence cancer hallmarks, but without systematic …

Macrophage infiltration is a hallmark of solid cancers, and overall macrophage infiltration
correlates with lower patient survival and resistance to therapy. Tumor-associated …

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most prevalent subtype of renal cell
carcinoma, which is characterized by metabolic reprogramming. Cuproptosis, a novel form …

Background Continual expression of PD-L1 in tumor cells is critical for tumor immune
escape and host T cell exhaustion, however, knowledge on its clinical benefits through …

The distribution and abundance of immune cells, particularly T‐cell subsets, play pivotal
roles in cancer immunology and therapy. T cells have many subsets with specific function …

In the last decade, the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been
revolutionized by the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) directed against …