Social scientists have sketched four distinct theories to explain a phenomenon that appears
to have ramped up in recent years, the diffusion of policies across countries. Constructivists …

This article deals with a variety of dynamic issues in the analysis of time-series–cross-
section (TSCS) data. Although the issues raised are general, we focus on applications to …

Political scientists, sociologists, and economists have all sought to analyze the spread of
economic and political liberalism across countries in recent decades. This article documents …

Over the past forty-five years, bilateral investment treaties (BITs) have become the most
important international legal mechanism for the encouragement and governance of foreign …

Spatial Regression Models illustrates the use of spatial analysis in the social sciences within
a regression framework and is accessible to readers with no prior background in spatial …

Existing research has related civil war primarily to country-specific factors or processes that
take place within individual states experiencing conflict. Many contemporary civil wars …

International interdependence is at the core of the international relations discipline, which is
premised upon the fact that states interact with one another and examines the nature …

Using a panel data set of 36 cities in the Sichuan-Chongqing Economic Circle in China from
2011 to 2019, this study adopts a spatial difference-in-differences (SDID) model to analyze …

Many resource-strapped develo** country governments seek international aid, but when
that assistance is channeled through domestic civil society, it can threaten their political …

Civil wars cluster in space as well as time. In this study, we develop and evaluate empirically
alternative explanations for this observed clustering. We consider whether the spatial pattern …