In this review, we describe the history of the Critical Shoulder Angle (CSA), the utility of the
CSA in identifying rotator cuff tears and glenohumeral osteoarthritis, and the association …

Background Morphologic variations of the scapula and acromion have been found to be
associated with shoulder pathology. This study used statistical shape modelling to quantify …

We wanted to investigate the quantitative characteristics of humeral head migration (HHM)
in shoulder osteoarthritis (OA) and their possible associations with scapular morphology. We …

Background Recently, the 3-dimensional (3D) morphology of the coracoacromial complex in
nonpathologic shoulders has been described. The aim of this study was to evaluate and …

Hypothesis and Background Shoulder osteoarthritis can be divided into different glenoid
types (A, B, C, and D) and subtypes. The aim of this study was to investigate if there is an …

Mandibular bone defect reconstruction remains a significant challenge for surgeons
worldwide. Among multiple biodegradable biopolymers, allogeneic bone scaffolds derived …

Variation in the shape of the glenoid and periarticular anatomy of the scapula has been
associated with shoulder pathology. The goal of this study was to identify the modes of …

Background The role of anatomic factors in rotator cuff (RC) pathology or in the development
of shoulder osteoarthritis (OA) is not yet well understood or recognized. While 2-dimensional …

Objective To analyze the relationship between the acromial morphology and the related
rotator cuff injury using a three‐dimensional (3D) measurement technology. Methods For the …

The primate scapula has been studied widely since its shape has been shown to correlate
with how the forelimb is used in daily activities. In this study, we expand on the existing …