Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a high prevalence in the general population and is
associated with high mortality; a need therefore exists for better biomarkers for diagnosis …

More than half of all deaths among end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients are due to
cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cardiovascular changes secondary to renal dysfunction …

Chronic kidney disease is highly prevalent worldwide. The decline of renal function is
associated with inadequate removal of a variety of uremic toxins that exert detrimental …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a major challenge to public healthcare.
Traditional clinical biomarkers of renal function (blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine) …

Early detection is critical in prevention and treatment of kidney disease. However currently
clinical laboratory and histopathological tests do not provide region-specific and accurate …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem worldwide. Rhubarb has
been shown to have nephroprotective and anti-fibrotic activities in patients with CKD …

Metabolomics has been applied to explore altered metabolite profiles in disease and identify
unique metabolic signatures in recent years. We aim to characterize the metabolic profile of …

Uremic solutes contribute to cardiovascular disease in renal insufficiency. In this review we
describe the clearance of selected uremic solutes, which have been associated with …

BACKGROUND: Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a serious clinical symptom, occurring as the
end result of all kinds of chronic kidney disease and its pathophysiological mechanism is not …

Background: Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of
uric acid from hypoxanthine and xanthine, leading to an increase in superoxide and reactive …