The review of Vortex lattice method for offshore wind turbines

W Huang, R Tang, H Ma - Renewable Energy, 2024‏ - Elsevier
With the increasing demand for clean and renewable energy, offshore wind turbines are
growing in size and are being positioned closer to deep waters. This trend presents …

Numerical study of two-dimensional heaving airfoils in ground effect

H Liang, X Wang, L Zou, Z Zong - Journal of Fluids and Structures, 2014‏ - Elsevier
In this study, a potential-flow-based discrete vortex method is used to investigate heaving
airfoils for a wing in ground effect (WIG) over a rigid surface and over progressive water …

Distinct wing-in-ground effect of airfoil in proximity to water waves

H Zhi, T **ao, S Deng, M Tong, P Chen, B Wu - AIAA Journal, 2022‏ - arc.aiaa.org
The present study numerically explores the distinct aerodynamic characteristics of an airfoil
flying in proximity to water waves. The water wave is treated by both two-phase-flow wavy …

An efficient method to assess effect of fin on the course stability of towing system

B Li, W Huang, H Liang - Ocean Engineering, 2020‏ - Elsevier
Some new-built ship-shaped offshore structures like FPSO or FPU are found to show
insufficient course stability due to rough design, which makes the towing operation …

[HTML][HTML] Free surface effects on 2-D airfoils and 3-D wings moving over water

S Bal - Ocean Systems Engineering, 2016‏ - koreascience.kr
The iterative boundary element method (IBEM) developed originally before for cavitating two-
dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) hydrofoils moving under free surface is …

[HTML][HTML] Airfoil aerodynamics in proximity to wavy ground for a wide range of angles of attack

H Hu, D Ma - Applied Sciences, 2020‏ - mdpi.com
Featured Application This study is meaningful for the design and safe flight of the wing-in-
ground craft. Abstract Wing-in-ground craft often encounter waves when flying over the sea …

Influence of rough surfaces on airfoil aerodynamics and the ground effect on near-wall flow

DPR Babu, D Madhesh, I Hasan, R Mukesh - Physics of Fluids, 2025‏ - pubs.aip.org
Agricultural aircraft play a pivotal role in crop dusting and aerial applications of fertilizers,
pesticides, and herbicides, where their close proximity to crop surfaces during operations …

[HTML][HTML] Numerical Study on Airfoil Aerodynamics in Proximity to Wavy Water Surface for Various Amplitudes

X Liu, D Ma, M Yang, Y Guo, H Hu - Applied Sciences, 2021‏ - mdpi.com
Featured Application This study is meaningful for the design and flight safety of the wing–in–
ground craft. Abstract Wing–in–ground crafts will face waves with different amplitudes when …

Numerical analysis of aerodynamics of a NACA4412 airfoil above wavy water surface

H Zhi, T **ao, J Chen, B Wu, M Tong, Z Zhu - AIAA aviation 2019 forum, 2019‏ - arc.aiaa.org
Aircrafts flying at the vicinity of the ground can generate higher lift with a drag reduction,
which is called the wing-in-ground (WIG) effect [1]. It is therefore, the ground effect is …

[HTML][HTML] An iterative boundary element method for a wing-in-ground effect

OK Kinaci - International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean …, 2014‏ - Elsevier
In this paper, an iterative boundary element method (IBEM) was proposed to solve for a wing-
in-ground (WIG) effect. IBEM is a fast and accurate method used in many different fields of …