Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are an evolutionarily conserved family in the innate immune
system and are the first line of host defense against microbial pathogens by recognizing …

The major facilitator superfamily (MFS) is the largest known superfamily of secondary active
transporters. MFS transporters are responsible for transporting a broad spectrum of …

Abstract Antibody‒drug conjugates (ADCs), which combine the advantages of monoclonal
antibodies with precise targeting and payloads with efficient killing, show great clinical …

Since the discovery of Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) as an important pivot for
cytosolic DNA sensation and interferon (IFN) induction, intensive efforts have been …

Many of the ligands for Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are unique to microorganisms, such that
receptor activation unequivocally indicates the presence of something foreign. However, a …

Hyperactive TLR7 signaling has long been appreciated as driver of autoimmune disease in
mouse models. Recently, gain-of-function mutations in TLR7 were identified as a monogenic …

UNC93B1 is critical for trafficking and function of nucleic acid–sensing Toll-like receptors
(TLRs) TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9, which are essential for antiviral immunity. Overactive …

Nucleic acid–sensing Toll-like receptors (TLR) 3, 7/8, and 9 are key innate immune sensors
whose activities must be tightly regulated to prevent systemic autoimmune or …

Nucleic acids are among the most essential PAMPs (pathogen-associated molecular
patterns). Animals have evolved numerous sensors to recognize nucleic acids and trigger …

Recognition of invading pathogens by the innate immune system is essential to initiate
antimicrobial responses and trigger adaptive immunity. This is largely mediated by an array …