Abstract Changes in environmental conditions can rapidly shift allele frequencies in
populations of species with relatively short generation times. Frequency shifts might be …

Following the genomics revolution, our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying
defenses against stress has been greatly expanded. Under strong selective pressure many …

Not all stress is stressful; instead, it appears that stress in the environment, below the
mutation threshold, is essential for many subtle manifestations of population structures and …

Summary 1 Stress is a major component of natural selection in soil ecosystems. The most
prominent abiotic stress factors in the field are temperature extremes (heat, cold) …

Field‐selected tolerance to heavy metals has been reported for Orchesella cincta
(Arthropoda: Collembola) populations occurring at metal‐contaminated mining sites. This …

Collembola (springtails) are detritivorous hexapods that inhabit the soil and its litter layer.
The ecology of the springtail Orchesella cincta is extensively studied in the context of …

Diverse anthropogenic activities often lead to the accumulation of inorganic and organic
residues in topsoils. Biota living in close contact with contaminated soils may experience …

Background Genomic studies measuring transcriptional responses to changing
environments and stress currently make their way into the field of evolutionary ecology and …

Phenotypic differences among populations of the same species reflect selective responses
to ecological gradients produced by variations in abiotic and biotic factors. Moreover, they …

Ecotoxicogenomics might help solving open questions that cannot be answered by standard
ecotoxicity tests currently used in environmental risk assessment. Changes in gene …