Animal and plant microbiomes encompass diverse microbial communities that colonize
every accessible host tissue. These microbiomes enhance host functions, contributing to …

Highlights•Nodulation of legumes is encoded by at least three genetic rhizobial
strategies.•The 'nod'strategy has been the most successful evolutionarily.•Evolution of nod …

Background Understanding the genetic and environmental factors that structure plant
microbiomes is necessary for leveraging these interactions to address critical needs in …

Legumes are ecologically and economically important plants that contribute to nutrient
cycling and agricultural sustainability, features tied to their intimate symbiosis with nitrogen …

Plants are rife with bacteria and fungi that colonize roots and shoots both externally and
internally. By providing novel nutritional and defense pathways and influencing plant …

Symbiotic associations with Symbiodiniaceae have evolved independently across a diverse
range of cnidarian taxa including reef-building corals, sea anemones, and jellyfish, yet the …

The capacity of beneficial microbes to compete for host infection—and the ability of hosts to
discriminate among them—introduces evolutionary conflict that is predicted to destabilize …

Diverse bacterial lineages form beneficial infections with eukaryotic hosts. The origins,
evolution, and breakdown of these mutualisms represent important evolutionary transitions …

Across the tree of life, hosts have evolved mechanisms to control and mediate interactions
with symbiotic partners. We suggest that the evolution of physical structures that allow hosts …

Cheating is a focal concept in the study of mutualism, with the majority of researchers
considering cheating to be both prevalent and highly damaging. However, current …