We believe that names have a powerful influence on the experiments we do and the way in
which we think. For this reason, and in the light of new evidence about the function and …

Assumptions on the neural basis of cognition usually focus on cortical mechanisms. Birds
have no cortex, but recent studies in parrots and corvids show that their cognitive skills are …

INTRODUCTION For more than a century, the avian forebrain has been a riddle for
neuroscientists. Birds demonstrate exceptional cognitive abilities comparable to those of …

The standard nomenclature that has been used for many telencephalic and related
brainstem structures in birds is based on flawed assumptions of homology to mammals. In …

Comparative psychologists interested in the evolution of intelligence have focused their
attention on social primates, whereas birds tend to be used as models of associative …

In this review, we provide a brief overview over the current knowledge about the role of
dopamine transmission in the prefrontal cortex during learning and memory. We discuss …

Many species of birds, including pigeons, possess demonstrable cognitive capacities, and
some are capable of cognitive feats matching those of apes. Since mammalian cortex is …

Both mammals and birds can flexibly organize their behavior over time. In mammals, the
mental operations generating this ability are called executive functions and are associated …

Vocal learning is a critical behavioral substrate for spoken human language. It is a rare trait
found in three distantly related groups of birds-songbirds, hummingbirds, and parrots. These …

When making intertemporal decisions, ie, decisions between outcomes occurring at different
instants in time, humans and animals prefer rewards with short-term availability over …