MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 20–24 nucleotide noncoding RNAs abundant in plants and
animals. The biogenesis of plant miRNAs involves transcription of miRNA genes, processing …

RNA silencing is a homology-dependent gene inactivation mechanism that regulates a wide
range of biological processes including antiviral defense. To deal with host antiviral …

Tolerance is defined as an interaction in which viruses accumulate to some degree without
causing significant loss of vigor or fitness to their hosts. Tolerance can be described as a …

RNA silencing is one of the main defense mechanisms employed by plants to fight viruses.
In change, viruses have evolved silencing suppressor proteins to neutralize antiviral …

Infection of W heat dwarf virus (WDV) strains on barley results in dwarf disease, imposing
severe economic losses on crop production. As the natural resistance resources against this …

An alarming increase in the human population necessitates doubling the world food
production in the next few decades. Although a number of possible biotechnological …

Highlights•Plants can be used to produce valuable metabolites and proteins.•The production
of target molecules is dependent on many intrinsic and external factors.•Several factors must …

In eukaryotes, the RNase-III Dicer often produces length/sequence microRNA (miRNA)
variants, called" isomiRs", owing to intrinsic structural/sequence determinants of the miRNA …

RNA guided ribonuclease complexes play central role in RNA interference. Members of the
evolutionarily conserved Argonaute protein family form the catalytic cores of these …

Abstract MicroRNA (miRNA)-mediated post-transcriptional regulation plays a fundamental
role in various plant physiological processes, including responses to pathogens …