This white paper provides updated International Transporter Consortium (ITC)
recommendations on transporters that are important in drug development following the 3rd …

Patients with diabetes type 2 have an increased risk for cardiovascular disease and
commonly use combination therapy consisting of the anti-diabetic drug metformin and a …

Metformin is the first-line antidiabetic drug with over 100 million users worldwide, yet its
mechanism of action remains unclear. Here the Metformin Genetics (MetGen) Consortium …

Metformin, widely used as first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes, exists primarily as a
hydrophilic cation at physiological pHs. As such, membrane transporters play a substantial …

Metformin is a first-line drug for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and one of the most
commonly prescribed drugs in the world. Besides its hypoglycemic effects, metformin also …

Thiamine or vitamin B1 is an essential, water-soluble vitamin required for mitochondrial
energetics—the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). It is a critical and rate-limiting …

Therapeutic response to metformin, a first‐line drug for type 2 diabetes (T2D), is highly
variable, in part likely due to genetic factors. To date, metformin pharmacogenetic studies …

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most frequent inherited form of intellectual disability and
autism spectrum disorder. Loss of the fragile X mental retardation protein, FMRP, engenders …

Metformin is the first-choice drug in uncomplicated type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and is effective in
improving glycaemic control. It is the most widely prescribed oral antidiabetic medicine and …

Thiamine (vitamin B1) is a precursor of the well-known coenzyme of central metabolic
pathways thiamine diphosphate (ThDP). Highly intense glucose oxidation in the brain …