ABSTRACT The Belt and Road (B&R) initiative was introduced by the Chinese government
to promote the worldwide economic development and multilateral cooperation between …

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5)
states that climate change and ocean acidification are altering the oceans at a rate that is …

Seaports are integral hubs of maritime supply chains and contribute to socio-economic
development for communities. However, seaports can create negative impacts on host …

Port structures face the constant threat of deterioration due to exposure to dynamic and
seismic forces, as well as harsh environmental condition prevalent in a maritime setting …

Establishing protected areas constitutes one of the main strategies for the conservation of
marine and coastal ecosystems. Increasing risks associated with environmental change …

Climate change is one of the issues of greatest concern to today's society. The increase in
temperatures has affected sea levels, polar masses and extreme events, among others …

Being nodal points along supply chains, ports affected by climate change would create
substantial costs to the global economy and welfare, and thus it is extremely important to …

Seaports are crucial linkages in supply chains and account for over 80% of global trade by
volume and 70% by value. They are also vulnerable to extreme weather events and sea …

Resilience is a complex term, bearing multiple definitions and resilience-related metrics. The
most commonly utilized metrics are network efficiency and criticality that examine the impact …

There has been a growing interest in research on how to define and build indicators of
resilience to address challenges associated with sea-level rise. Most of the proposed …