This chapter discusses the high mutation frequencies and rapid evolution potential of RNA
viruses. The concepts discussed are applicable to all “ordinary” RNA viruses (riboviruses) …

Most stochastic models assume that noise has no temporal correlation: that the values of a
random signal at two instants in time are completely independent of each other. This kind of …

The world's most revered and eloquent interpreter of evolutionary ideas offers here a work of
explanatory force unprecedented in our time—a landmark publication, both for its historical …

All human beings have spontaneous needs for happiness, self-understanding, and love. In
Feeling Good: The Science of Well Being, psychiatrist Robert Cloninger describes a way to …

In 1972 Stephen Jay Gould took the scientific world by storm with his paper on punctuated
equilibrium. Challenging a core assumption of Darwin's theory of evolution, it launched the …

For more than two decades there has been intense debate over the hypothesis that most
morphological evolution occurs during relatively brief episodes of rapid change that …

We present a simple mathematical model of biological macroevolution. The model describes
an ecology of adapting, interacting species. The environment of any given species is …

Archaeological accounts of cultural change reveal a fundamental conflict: Some suggest that
change is gradual, accelerating over time, whereas others indicate that it is punctuated, with …

Speciation is central to the hypothesis of punctuated equilibria as developed by Eldredge
and Gould (1972; see also Gould and Eldredge 1977, 1986; Gould 1982) and by Stanley …

Twenty of approximately 100 species of pines (Pinus spp.) have wingless seeds, and 19 of
these are in the subgenus Strobus. Eight of the wingless-seed Strobus pines are known to …