Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a diverse class of lipid bilayer membrane vesicles
released by both animal and plant cells. These ubiquitous vesicles are involved in …

Exosomes are nano-sized small extracellular vesicles secreted by cells, carrying nucleic
acids, proteins, lipids and other bioactive substances to play a role in the body's …

Exosomes are small nanosized biovesicles that form when multivesicular bodies and the
plasma membrane fuse and are released into the surrounding body fluids. They are best …

Nanotechnologies have been successfully applied to the treatment of various diseases.
Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PENs) are expected to become effective …

Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by
diffuse inflammation of the colonic mucosa and a relapsing and remitting course. The current …

Simple Summary Exosomes are a subpopulation of extracellular vesicles, nanosized
particles, lipid bilayer-enclosed, naturally secreted from cells after the fusion of intracellular …

There are extensive studies on the applications of extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced in
cell culture for therapeutic drug development. However, large quantities of EVs are needed …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are transport vesicles secreted by living cells and released into
the extracellular environment. Recent studies have shown that EVs serve as “messengers” …

Background Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) have great potential for clinical
applications. Ultracentrifugation, considered the gold standard method for the preparation of …

Periodontitis is an infectious oral disease, which leads to the destruction of periodontal
tissues and tooth loss. Although the treatment of periodontitis has improved recently, the …